{"id":735,"date":"2021-11-20T16:16:13","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T08:16:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/?p=735"},"modified":"2025-10-09T13:55:35","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T05:55:35","slug":"pgexam-data-structure-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/2021\/11\/20\/pgexam-data-structure-08\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8003\u7814\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 08 \u67e5\u627e"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
<\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/defs>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/svg><\/use><\/svg><\/g>\u57fa<\/text><\/g>\u672c<\/text><\/g>\u6982<\/text><\/g>\u5ff5<\/text><\/g>\uff1a<\/text><\/g>\u9759<\/text><\/g>\u6001<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g>\u3001<\/text><\/g>\u52a8<\/text><\/g>\u6001<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u7ebf<\/text><\/g>\u6027<\/text><\/g>\u7ed3<\/text><\/g>\u6784<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/svg><\/use><\/svg><\/g>\u987a<\/text><\/g>\u5e8f<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u6298<\/text><\/g>\u534a<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u5206<\/text><\/g>\u5757<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u6811<\/text><\/g>\u5f62<\/text><\/g>\u7ed3<\/text><\/g>\u6784<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/use><\/svg><\/use><\/svg><\/g>\u4e8c<\/text><\/g>\u53c9<\/text><\/g>\u6392<\/text><\/g>\u5e8f<\/text><\/g>\u6811<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u4e8c<\/text><\/g>\u53c9<\/text><\/g>\u5e73<\/text><\/g>\u8861<\/text><\/g>\u6811<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g>\u6811<\/text><\/g>\u3001<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g>\u6811<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u6563<\/text><\/g>\u5217<\/text><\/g>\u7ed3<\/text><\/g>\u6784<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g>\u6563<\/text><\/g>\u5217<\/text><\/g>\u8868<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/g>\u6027<\/text><\/g>\u80fd<\/text><\/g>\u5206<\/text><\/g>\u6790<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u51b2<\/text><\/g>\u7a81<\/text><\/g>\u5206<\/text><\/g>\u6790<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g>\u6548<\/text><\/g>\u7387<\/text><\/g>\u6307<\/text><\/g>\u6807<\/text><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g>\u5e73<\/text><\/g>\u5747<\/text><\/g>\u67e5<\/text><\/g>\u627e<\/text><\/g>\u957f<\/text><\/g>\u5ea6<\/text><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/mjx-container><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u6298\u534a\u67e5\u627e<\/h2>\n

1.1 \u4e00\u822c\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\u67e5\u627e<\/h3>\n

  \u67e5\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u3002
\n  \u67e5\u627e\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
<\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/defs><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/mjx-container><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5f53\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u6982\u7387\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5373Pi<\/sub>=1\/n\u65f6\uff0cASLsuccess<\/sub>=(n+1)\/2\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u6709\u5e8f\u8868\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u67e5\u627e<\/h3>\n

  \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u5728\u6709\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3an+1\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6709\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
<\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/defs><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/rect><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/rect><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/use><\/g><\/g><\/rect><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/mjx-container><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5176\u4e2dPi<\/sub>\u4e3a\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5728\u6982\u7387\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f1\/(n+1)\uff1blj<\/sub>\u662f\u7b2cj\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5c42\u6570\u3002\u5f53n=6\u65f6\uff0cASLfail<\/sub> = 6\/2 + 6\/7 = 3.86.<\/p>\n

1.3 \u6298\u534a\u67e5\u627e<\/h3>\n

  \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u7684\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4f46\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u67e5\u627e\u65f6\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

int Binary_Search(List list, Element ele)\n{\n    \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a -1\n    int re { -1 };\n\n    \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u201c\u6307\u9488\u201d\n    int lower { 0 }, upper { list.size() };\n\n    while (lower < upper)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\n        int mid = (upper + lower) \/ 2;\n\n        \/\/\u67e5\u627e\u6210\u529f \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\n        if (list[mid].element = ele)\n        {\n            re = mid;\n            break;\n        }\n        \/\/ \u82e5\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u524d\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u67e5\u627e\n        else if (list[mid].element < ele)\n        {\n            upper = mid - 1;\n        }\n        \/\/ \u82e5\u5927\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u67e5\u627e\n        else if (list[mid].element > ele)\n        {\n            lower = mid + 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    return re;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
1.4 \u5206\u5757\u67e5\u627e<\/h3>\n
  \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u4efd\uff0c\u6bcf\u4efd\u5185\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u51c6\u5219\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4efd\u4e0e\u4efd\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9075\u5faa\u6392\u5e8f\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u67e5\u627e\u601d\u8def\u4e3a\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6563\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n
2.1 \u5730\u5740\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
2.1.1 \u76f4\u63a5\u6784\u9020\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
H(key) = constValA * key + constValB;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
  \u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u4e0ekey\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u5730\u5740\uff0ckey\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u9002\u5408\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\uff08\u7a7a\u4f4d\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n
2.1.2 \u9664\u7559\u4f59\u6570\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
H(key) = key % p;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
  \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f59\u6570p\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6563\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n  \u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
2.2 \u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
2.2.1 \u5f00\u653e\u5730\u5740\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
Hi = (H(key +di) % m;\n\/\/ Hi\u4e3a\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0cd\u4e3a\u589e\u91cf\u5e8f\u5217\uff0cm\u4e3a\u6563\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
  \u5bf9\u4e8e\u589e\u91cf\u5e8f\u5217d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u6cd5\uff1ad = 0\u30011\u30012\u30013\u2026\u2026m-1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u9047\u5230\u51b2\u7a81\u67e5\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u67e5\u904d\u5168\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u6cd5\uff1ad = 02<\/sup>\u300112<\/sup>\uff0c-12<\/sup>\u300122<\/sup>\u2026\u2026-k2<\/sup>\u3001k2<\/sup>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dk < m\/2\u3002m\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u62104k + 3\u7684\u7d20\u6570\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u5806\u79ef\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u6563\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u5355\u5143\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u518d\u6563\u5217\u6cd5\uff1a\u5f53H(key)\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1aHi = (H(key) + i*H2(key)) % m\uff1b<\/li>\n
  4. \u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u5217\u6cd5\uff1adi\u4e3a\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    2.2.2 \u62c9\u94fe\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
      \u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u7684Hi\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5728\u5b58\u653e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u76f8\u540c\u4e0b\u6807\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
    2.3 \u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
    2.3.1 \u67e5\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
      Hash\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u67e5\u627eH(key)\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u67e5\u627e\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u67e5\u627e\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u5c31\u67e5\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u6216\u67e5\u65e0\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      2.3.2 \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n
        \u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
      2. \u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n
      3. \u586b\u88c5\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u586b\u88c5\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5143\u7d20\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570 \/ \u6563\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u67e5\u627e\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u627e\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u987a\u5e8f\u67e5\u627e\u6298\u534a\u67e5\u627e\u5206\u5757\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u4e8c\u53c9\u6392\u5e8f\u6811\u4e8c\u53c9\u5e73\u8861\u6811\u6811\u3001\u6811\u6563\u5217\u7ed3\u6784\u6563\u5217\u8868\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u51b2\u7a81\u5206\u6790\u6548 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=735"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":737,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735\/revisions\/737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}