{"id":670,"date":"2021-09-18T15:21:15","date_gmt":"2021-09-18T07:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/?p=670"},"modified":"2025-10-09T13:55:51","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T05:55:51","slug":"concurrent-programming-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/2021\/09\/18\/concurrent-programming-01\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b 01 \u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"has-toc have-toc\"><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e76\u53d1<\/h2>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u5728\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8fb9\u505a\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u8fb9\u505a\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.1 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Switching\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u5c06\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u5e76\u53d1\uff08concurrency\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\u5f97\u592a\u5feb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u8fa8\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u6682\u6302\u800c\u5207\u6362\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u5047\u8c61\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u7684<strong>\u5047\u8c61<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5355\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e0b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u76f8\u6bd4\u4ecd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<br \/>\n&emsp;&emsp;\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a<strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u5e76\u53d1\uff08Hardware Concurrency\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u9014\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u5e76\u53d1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1.2.1 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\u5212\u5206\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u7c7b\u5e26\u6709\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5904\u7406\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u64ad\u653e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0e\u64ad\u653e\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7528\u4e8e\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6309\u4e0b\u6682\u505c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b1\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 \u6027\u80fd<\/h3>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u5404\u81ea\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u603b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u884c\uff08Task Parallelism\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u533a\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u6216\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\uff08Data Parallelism\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.3 \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u7528\u5e76\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u8981\u77e5\u9053<strong>\u4f55\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528<\/strong>\u4e0e\u77e5\u9053\u5e76\u53d1<strong>\u4f55\u65f6\u8981\u7528<\/strong>\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6536\u76ca\u6bd4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6210\u672c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8111\u529b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u989d\u5916\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f16\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u3002<br \/>\n&emsp;&emsp;\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u9884\u671f\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u3002\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\u914d\u50cf\u4e2a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ebf\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u8981\u5360\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 &gt;&gt; \u5904\u7406\u5668\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\uff09\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u82b1\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u5728C++\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;thread&gt;\n\nvoid hello()\n{\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Hello world!&quot; &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n    std::thread t(hello);\n\n    t.join();\n    \/\/ \u4ee4main()\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0bt\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&emsp;&emsp;\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u521d\u59cb\u51fd\u6570\uff08Initial Function\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662fmain()\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0bt\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u521d\u59cb\u51fd\u6570\u662fhello()\u3002<br \/>\n&emsp;&emsp;\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0bt\u540e\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0bt\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd0\u884c\u5230main()\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728return 0\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2at.join()\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e76\u53d1 &emsp;&emsp;\u5728\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8fb9\u505a\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u8fb9\u505a\u2026\u2026 &#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=670"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":677,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670\/revisions\/677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swordofmorning.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}